The American Tax System free essay sample

A comparative essay which compares the American tax system with those of four other countries. A comparison of the tax systems of four different countries to the American tax system South Africa, Mexico, Hong Kong, and New Zealand. The paper explains the American tax system and then analyzes the systems of these other four countries. It concludes with an overview of the country which is seems to the fairest to both individuals and corporations. Hong Kong has a Schedular system of taxation. 0;The tax burden is light and the system is simple; (Taxation in Hong Kong) In this system the only types of income that are taxable are: salaries, profits, and property tax. This system of taxation differs from that of the United States in that 1. The system is simple and easy to understand. 2.Personal income tax rates are among the lowest in the world with a cap of 15%. 3. Corporations are only taxed at a flat rate of 16. We will write a custom essay sample on The American Tax System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 5% and capitals gains and dividends received by another Hong Kong corporation are not taxed. 4. It does not have a worldwide tax on income.

Important Facts on Argentinas History and Geography

Important Facts on Argentina's History and Geography Argentina officially called the Argentine Republic, is the largest Spanish-speaking nation in Latin America. It is located in southern South America to the east of Chile, to the west lie Uruguay, a small part of Brazil, southern Bolivia, and Paraguay. One of the main differences between Argentina and other South America countries is that it is mainly dominated by a large middle class thats heavily influenced by European culture. In fact, nearly 97 percent of Argentinas population is of European descent, with Spain and Italy being the most common countries of origin. Fast Facts About Argentina Argentina, which means the land of silver, has territorial rights to the eastern side of Tierra del Fuego and is home to Ushuaia, one of the worlds southernmost cities.Population: 45,095,386 (based on United Nations estimate, June 2019)Capital: Buenos AiresArea: 1,073,518 square miles (2,780,400 square kilometers)Bordering Countries: Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil, UruguayCoastline: 3,100 miles (4,989 kilometers)Highest Point: At 22,834 feet (6,960 meters), Aconcagua is the worlds highest mountain outside of the Himalayas.Lowest Point: Laguna del Carbon, minus 344 feet (minus 105 meters) History of Argentina Argentina saw the first Europeans arrive when Italian explorer and navigator Amerigo Vespucci reached its shores in 1502. Europeans did not establish a permanent settlement in Argentina until 1580 when Spain established a colony in what is present-day Buenos Aires. Throughout the rest of the 1500s, through the 1600s and 1700s, Spain continued to expand its territorial hold and established the Vice Royalty of Rio de la Plata in 1776. However, on July 9, 1816, after several conflicts, Buenos Aires General Josà © de San Martin (who is now Argentinas national hero) declared independence from Spain. Argentinas first constitution was drafted in 1853 and a national government was established in 1861. Following its independence, Argentina implemented new agricultural technologies, organizational strategies, and foreign investments to help grow its economy. From 1880 to 1930, it became one of the worlds 10 wealthiest nations. Despite its economic success, by the 1930s Argentina was undergoing a period of political instability. The constitutional government was overthrown in 1943. As Minister of Labor, Juan Domingo Perà ³n took over as the countrys political leader. In 1946, Perà ³n was elected as Argentinas president and established Partido Unico de la Revolucion. Peron was re-elected in 1952 but after government instability, he was exiled in 1955. Through the rest of the 1950s and into the 1960s, military and civilian political administrations worked to deal with economic instability, however, after years of uncertainty, unrest led to a reign of domestic terrorism that ran from the mid-1960s through the 1970s. On March 11, 1973, by means of a general election, Hector Campora became the countrys president. In July of that same year, however, Campora resigned and Perà ³n was re-elected President of Argentina. When Perà ³n died a year later, his wife, Eva Duarte de Perà ³n, was appointed the presidency for a short while but was ousted from office in March 1976. After her removal, Argentinas armed forces took control of the government, executing harsh punishments on those who were considered extremists in what was eventually known as El Proceso or the Dirty War. Military rule lasted in Argentina until December 10, 1983, at which time, another presidential election was held and Raul Alfonsin was elected president for a six-year term. During Alfonsins time in office, stability returned to Argentina for a short time, however, the country was still facing serious economic problems. After Alfonsin left office, the country reverted to instability, which lasted into the early 2000s. In 2003, Nestor Kirchner was elected president and after a rocky start, he was eventually able to restore Argentinas former political and economic strength. Government of Argentina Argentinas current government is a federal republic with two legislative bodies. Its executive branch has a chief of state and a head of state. From 2007 to 2011, Cristina Fernndez de Kirchner was the countrys first elected woman  to fill both of those roles. The legislative branch is bicameral with a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies, while the judicial branch is made up of a Supreme Court. Argentina is divided into 23 provinces and one autonomous city,  Buenos Aires. Economics, Industry and Land Use in Argentina Today, one of the most important sectors of Argentinas economy is its industry and approximately one-quarter of the countrys workers are employed in manufacturing. Argentinas major industries include chemical and petrochemical, food production, leather, and textiles. Energy production and mineral resources including lead, zinc, copper, tin, silver, and uranium are also important to the economy. Argentinas main agricultural products include wheat, fruit, tea, and livestock. Geography and Climate of Argentina Because of Argentinas long length, it is divided into four main regions: 1) the northern subtropical woodlands and swamps; 2) the heavily wooded slopes of the Andes Mountains in the west; 3) the far south, semiarid and cold Patagonian Plateau; and 4) the temperate region surrounding Buenos Aires. Thanks to its mild climate, fertile soils, and proximity to where Argentinas cattle industry began, the Buenos Aires the temperate region are the countrys most populated. In addition to these regions, Argentina has many large lakes in the Andes, along with the second largest river system in South America, the Paraguay-Parana-Uruguay, that drains from the northern Chaco region to the Rio de la Plata near Buenos Aires. Like its terrain, Argentinas climate varies, although most of the country is considered temperate with a small arid portion in the southeast. Argentinas southwestern portion is extremely cold and dry and is consequently considered a sub-Antarctic climate. References Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook- Argentina. April 21, 2010. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ar.html Infoplease.com. Argentina: History, Geography, Government, and Culture. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/country/argentina.html United States Department of State. Argentina. October 2009. Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/26516.htm

Business plan structure Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business plan structure - Coursework Example Firstly, a business premises is a place and hence a physical location from where we distribute our products and meet with our customers. Secondly, through the shop we will be able to determine the appropriate prices for our commodities by analyzing the customer’s reactions. The shop will also enable us to distribute our products and hence the shop will symbolize our products. Finally, through the shop we will be able to carry out advertisement for our products. After analyzing the four P’s for our Students Vault, the second step was to define our mission and vision statements based on our goals and future prospects. The main customers for our business were the university students and therefore our mission and visions had to be in relation to their needs. Our mission also had to incorporate the dynamic nature of their needs and to be flexible enough to include any future needs for a change. As a business team, our mission for venturing into the business was to supply uni versity students with all their stationary and appliances needs for a successful university life. To realize our mission we had to define our vision in the business through a vision statement. A vision statement is a statement is a declaration of anticipations relating to growth and expansion of the business within a given period. In the project, we settled for expansion of our business within the United Kingdom and the diversification of our products as our vision statement3. The vision and mission statement of a business summarizes the four P’s of the business in an implicit way. Through these statements, a business team gives its intentions or plans on achieving the four P’s of a business. The product is an important part of any business, through the product a business is able to realize and launch its competence in the market4. Due to the importance attached to the product, we had to consider our product as an important part of the business plan. Stationery and boo ks were our main products. Our business also dealt with accommodation equipment, electronic devises and catering equipment. These products were intended to fulfill our mission of supplying university students with all their requirements for a comfortable university life. After defining our product, the second important part was the definition of the place or location of our business. Our business team settled for Manchester city as the first target or business location. Unlike other potential locations, Manchester city had a high student’s population due to the availability of many colleges and universities within the city. The city also lacked business dealing with stationeries and students necessities and this implied that our bushiness was unique to the city. Our business plans therefore capitalized on the uniqueness of our business as the basis for our competence. Manchester city also served as an ideal city and therefore establishing our business in the city enabled us t o determine the response of other potential cities towards our business. The price of a commodity determines the success of the commodity in an ideal market5. This implies that in the business plan we had to settle at an appropriate price in order to attract and retain our customers. Students were our target customer and therefore our prices had to be considerate of their financial status and capabilities. In the plan, we settled for a competitive price for all our products. This implies that

Archeology and History of the People Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Archeology and History of the People - Essay Example provides data and evidence that gives a unique perspective on history of human culture and other aspects, which has greatly contributed to a clear understanding of recent and ancient past. Archeology not only explores when and where humans lived, but also how and why they lived, which involves examination of cultures overtime through changes and patterns from when and how people came to inhabit a particular place, for instance, America. Archeology also explores and reveals information about origins of complex societies and other activities such as agriculture (Orser 102). History primarily relies on written documents and records to interpret great events, lives, which do not provide exclusive and conclusive information about history and culture of a people. On the other hand, archeology allows people to delve way back into the period before existence of written languages, and have a glimpse of everyday lives of these people through analysis of the tools they made and things they left behind. Similarly, archeology helps in understanding regions inhabited by people because it covers geographical regions, as well as all times periods. For example, through archeology, people have been able to understand the history and concepts of important topics such as Egyptian religion, colonial events in Jamestown Virginia, origins of agriculture in Near East, lives of Africans enslaved in North America, early Mediterranean trade routes and so on. Moreover archeology informs people about lives of families, individuals and even communities which would otherwise remain invisible to the current generation. Historical archeology, for instance, explores cultures that existed thousands of years ago or a period of recorded history in Old World, as well as a number of years ago in the... The paper explains the importance of this science. As the primary source of information of men's cultural evolution for long periods in the prehistoric times, archeology provides sustained efforts that has enabled tracing of man’s antiquity on the planet several years ago. This is achieved by the systematic study of fossils and tools embedded in terraces; through which humans can be able to learn the nature of mans implement of offence and defence, habitat, way of life and tool techniques. As such, archeology has achieved reconstruction of the Stone Age man’s environment, and also his adaptations and responses to the climate. For example, archeology has achieved reconstruction of proto-historic cultures of India, pushing back Indian Civilization from the Vedic period to about 3000B. Archeology not only provides primary source of the information on historical cultures of people, but also the supplementary source of the information. Evidently, it fills the gaps created by uncertainty found in the written documents and records about the historical period. For example, it provides valuable information about Ikshvaku dynasty, which had scrappy information before archeology came in. Likewise, archeology has revealed more information through excavations at Satanikota, Vijayapuri and Kaveripattanam, which show trade contacts with Romans during the early periods of Christian era.

Short reflective summary for Managing Diversity in Business Essay

Short reflective summary for Managing Diversity in Business - Essay Example While choosing the course, I wanted to get more knowledge in the areas I stated above. However, as I covered the course I came to know about certain perspectives, theories and information which raised some questions and issues in my mind. My initial observations had already revealed that the course highlighted some practical aspects of the corporate world. I often recall the story of one of my friends, who had found a respectable job in a reputed corporation. She was skilled and sincere; and she belonged from an ethnic minority community. At work, her ethnic and sexual identity gradually emerged as her drawback. Her superior, who was also a member of the board of directors, often harassed her sexually during the duty hours. At first, she complained to the Human Resource (HR) Manager, but her application was not processed. The HR Manager took it as a trivial issue and her superior continued to harass her even before her colleagues. In the department, her colleagues were all males and those who belonged from her community were on work visa. Therefore, nobody protested e ither due to racial contempt or because of fear. Finally, when she warned her superior and the HR Manager that she would seek police intervention and write to the human rights groups, she was sacked on the plea of theft and a false complaint was lodged against her. Consequently she lost her job and could not proceed to court lest she was blacklisted in the industry. The lesson learned from such stories as that of my unfortunate friend is that ethnic minority women have almost no voice in the HR management system. Through the lecture on ethnic minority women and the suggested readings, my thoughts and indirect experiences regarding discrimination against ethnic minority women were reinforced. When it comes to racial segregation and sexual abuse, HR managers

The Montessori Method early childhood

The Montessori Method early childhood Introduction The Montessori Method was conceived in the early 1900s by Dr Maria Montessori, and was developed as an alternative method of early childhood learning. (Stevens, (n.d.) Montessori centres became established and recognised internationally including within Aotearoa NZ. Basic to Montessori is the premise that children are deemed individuals and need to be understood and given the freedom to be guided or directed through the system as opposed to being instructed. Learning should be determined by, and adapt to the needs, as they change through childhood. (Chattin-McNichols, 1992) Emphasis is placed on the use of specific equipment and other designated resources. The whole environment of a Montessori centre is designed to capture interest and lead to self learning, self discipline and fulfilment of a childs potential. (Montessori, 1912) As with other countries, a sociocultural aspect has been introduced here, and along with the introduction of Te WhÄ riki, brings modifications to the original dogma. Although long controversial, the method is in demand as a valid means of alternative education and a wide variety of literature presents a valuable source of theoretical and practical knowledge. (Shuker, 2004) Background Early years Maria Montessori (1870 1953). She graduated as a doctor of medicine with honours in 1896 from the University of Rome. Her CV in the following few years included research work at a psychiatric clinic where her interest in children was sparked. She studied the works of academics and practitioners such as Seguin, Rousseau, and Froebel and undertook courses in anthropology, philosophy and psychology. Tests and experiments in the 1900s at a school for the retarded children successfully helped develop her theories. This was followed in 1907 with the successful application of her methods at a new school in the slums of Rome. With success came global fame and acclaim for her and her system, followed by the establishment of centres globally. (Hainstock, 1997) Montessori in NZ In Aotearoa New Zealand, Montessori started in 1912, continuing till the 1950s when there was a decline. A revival started in 1975 continuing to this day. (Shuker, 2004) Montessori terminology A few examples of Montessori terminology integral to the system are as follows: didactic materials, discovery of the child, liberty, normalised child, order, prepared environment and sensorial exercises. (Hainstock, 1997) Overview Purpose The essence and essential purpose of Montessori is well encapsulated in the following statement. If young people are to meet the challenge of survival that faces them today, it is imperative that their education develop to the fullest extent possible for their potential for creativity, initiative, independence, inner discipline and self confidence. (Lillard, (1972) p. 138) Written in the 1970s, the statement is timeless in concept, being just as applicable today as it was then. Environment Montessori believed that the most important factors in achieving her ideal concept were the environment and the teachers. Apart from being organised and free from clutter, the environment had to be supporting, encouraging and foster a self belief in the child that would reveal his personal attributes and interests. The indoor and outdoor environments provided activities that were meaningful learning experiences. This environment contained only resources and materials that were specifically made to Montessoris standards; chairs, tables, equipment, all made in regard to the childs size and strength. (Lillard, 1972) Two very important pieces of furniture that could not be done without were a long low cupboard for the resources, and a set of colourful drawers for the child to put their belongings in. (Montessori (1912) as cited in Shuker, 2004) Teachers role The role of the teacher is to be able to understand from observation, the childs individual learning needs and the changes in those needs as they occur. This leads to directing or facilitating, the childs interest in and use of the didactic materials, exercises and games. The teacher is simply a link and therefore needs to be Montessori trained so as to be knowledgeable in the use of all the materials, techniques and processes to be used. (Montessori, 1988) Curriculum delivery and content The delivery of the curriculum is fed through observations to five essential stages: practical life, sensorial education, language education, mathematics and the cultural area. The materials used in these areas all helped the childs perception using size, shape, volume, colour, pattern, odour, sound and texture. Later materials help the children in discoveries relating to mathematics, language and literacy, art, music, science, and social studies (Chisnall, 2008, web-based) The practical life experiences cover all the everyday routines and how to cope with them; tying shoelaces and opening and closing drawers. Sensorial education covers the use of the five senses: smell, touch, taste, sight and hearing. Language development encompasses reading and writing and learning how to use good speech. This area is closely attuned to the sensory training, for without knowing how to feel and hold a pencil; a child cannot learn how to write. The mathematics stage teaches the child the fundamental decimal system of counting up to and in groups of 10. The cultural aspect is shown through pictorial material, along with a globe of the world, puzzles and similar resources. (Hainstock, E.G. (1968) Discussion There are few similarities between a Montessori Method and a traditional mainstream approach while the differences are many. Some examples of both are as follows: Similarities Montessori believed that each child is unique with a potential that needs releasing. (Montessori, 1912) The Te WhÄ riki Curriculum takes this approach and states that children learn through individual exploration and reflecting. (Ministry of Education, 1996, p. 9) Montessori encouraged parents and caregivers to visit the classroom at any time; however, they were not allowed to distract the children or the teacher. (Montessori, 1912) Parents and caregivers are encouraged to visit the mainstream classroom and take an interest in their children. Parental involvement and understanding are necessary ingredients to realising the full potential of a Montessori education. (Hainstock, 1997, preface) Montessori believed that every child had a right to an education regardless of class, culture, race and ability. (Montessori, 1912) Te WhÄ riki states the curriculum assumes that their care and education will be encompassed within the principles, strands and goals set out for all children in early childhood settings. (Ministry of Education, 1996) Differences Montessoris method was to stand back, observe, and let the child solve the problem themselves regardless of time taken. (Montessori, 1912) Education is different today. Teachers have to use the New Zealand curriculum which dictates what and when they have to teach. (Ministry of Education, 2007) There is still a certain amount of flexibility; however, the teachers are unable to leave children for a long time. Montessori grouped children into three age groups which they stayed in until they were old enough to progress to the next group. She did not have a new entrance class. (Montessori, 1912) Our education system insists that children are put into aged related classrooms. (Ministry of Education, 2007) Montessori was a great believer in children working individually or in small groups. (Montessori, 1912) Todays children are taught in classroom group situations. (Hainstock, 1997) Influences Controversy and confusion, mainly through misunderstanding, misinterpretation, and partial application of the method were common over the years. Other influences impacting include: mainstream resistance, political and philosophical vagaries, and funding problems, statutory and regulatory impositions. Cultural elements have also been introduced into the curriculum and modifications have occurred. The shortage of Montessori trained teachers had a detrimental effect as well. (Shuker, 2004) Contribution to educational setting The whole concept, philosophy and application of the Montessori Method obviously confine it to an alternative role in the field of education in Aotearoa New Zealand. Enthusiastic pioneers of the system such as Martha Simpson and Binda Goldsbrough have been followed by equally enthusiastic and committed parents. The formation of a Montessori movement, teacher training standards, and the evolution to higher education levels shows there is an enduring and well supported demand for the Montessori approach. The survival of Montessori for over 100 years is due in some part to its portability, culture sensitivity to its resident country and adaptability. (Shuker, 2004) Conclusion Personal reflection by Catherine Mitchell Maria Montessori was ahead of her time. She had the childrens best interests at heart. However I feel had she been able to accept criticism in a constructive way then her methods would have had more of an influence in society today. Montessoris methods were built on her observations of the children and were adapted to meet their needs. I will use a lot of Montessoris methods in my teaching, as I agree with her approach. Each child is an individual; we should be embracing this and allow the child to develop at their own pace. It is important as a teacher that you do what is best for the children in your care. My own attitudes have not changed; instead they have enforced my beliefs that each child is unique. Personal reflection by Faye Winter What to make of Montessori? With no real previous knowledge, apart from being aware that is was an alternative education centre, this study has been extremely interesting and revealing. The credibility of the method is well supported by the founders wide academic background allied with her actual experience and observations with both special needs and mainstream children. In this regard, the method is well founded. Although there is a wide range of literature on the subject, acceptance or otherwise of the approach invites further in-depth study, preferably along with hands on experience. As a staff member at an early childhood centre, I can see the potential for the introduction of certain elements, in particular, the use of Montessori didactic materials. Montessori once said she had discovered the child. This may well be the key to her method.

Extreme Advertising: Go Big or Go Home :: BTEC Business Marketing GCSE Coursework

Extreme Advertising: Go Big or Go Home This Maxim climbing gear ad is an example of using both aggressive language and images to promote climbing as an extreme sport. North Face uses this image in their web page. If you wear North Face gear, you too can take your ice axes and back-counrty skis into the Tibetan wilderness. Adidas uses this image in their trail running ads. The caption in the image reads "Runners. Yeah, We're Different." It invites people to relate to some of the more intimate details of a separate subculture. Intro Advertisements of outdoor gear tell us we live in an extreme world today. No longer do we go out mountain biking or skiing, they tell us. We need to go big, risking our lives to promote an image of ourselves as one who can push the edge of the envelope by extreme mountain biking and extreme skiing. NorthFace, a high-end outdoor clothing company started this language in the 1970s in its advertising of ski apparel. Now, most every sport has gone extreme. To advertise this new image, companies have attempted to use a variety of techniques that separate themselves from the rest of the crowd. They include: --Creating an Extreme Image to a Wide-Based Consumer Audience: Boulder Gear and North Face. --Advertising to a Young, Aggressive Group Obsessed with Speed: Manastash and an ad inside APEX Magazine --Creating an Insider Feeling of the Extreme...with a Dash of Playfulness: Nike and Adidas Extremism as an image has come to include outdoor activities such as kayaking, skiing, climbing, mountain biking, windsurfing and a host of other mainstream outdoor activities. It has also brought about a variety of subcategories as well. Sky diving now has six new disciplines, including sky surfing, free flying and free style-an aerial ballet. There à ­s even an extreme version of the extreme sport of sky diving called BASE jumping (BASE=Bridge, Aerial, Structure, Earth) in which participants jump from low-lying structures and open their chute with only seconds separating them between an extreme experience and death (Heath 1997: p4). Sports are not the only aspect of extreme though. The language has seeped into our everyday vocabulary to the point that we can not do anything without having the possibility of doing it extreme. Bill Gates speaks of extreme programming, and there à ­s extreme golf in which participants play golf around unused summer ski resorts. Books of extreme adve nture have been popularized by John Krauker's Into Thin Air.

Ch. 4 Reflection for Love in the Time of Cholera

Chapter 4 Reflection Being in control of your life completely is a bit impossible in these times. Moreover, it was even more difficult during the time period of the book. Usually, a man is the head of the house. But, in fermina Daza’s household, she was the head of the house. Dr. Urbino, though a man held in high esteem in the community, was a very passive man in his household. Their household demonstrates a change in the roles of the genders.Fermina, due to her personality, has adopted a more dominant role in their marriage, while Dr. Urbino has a more passive role. Fermina, throughout the years, have assumed a dominant rule that no one in the house is over. Prior to her marriage to Dr. Urbino, when, upon her return from the trip abroad, her father recognizes her newfound maturity and grants Fermina control of the house. Fermina, now far more mature and capable than ever, is accustomed to being in control. She is the secret emperor of the household, while Dr.Urbino is sort of a figurehead. This also explains why she is so exasperated when Dr. Urbino’s mother usurps her domestic control. Fermina hates Dona Blanca so much because Dona, in many aspects of her character, emulates Fermina's father, Lorenzo Daza. Like Lorenzo, Dona exerts her power over Fermina, and uses this authority to control her. As with her father, Fermina is powerless to fight back, for retaliation against Dona Blanca would only be futile, and cause unwanted strife within the household.For the first time since her return from her journey, she is belittled and that pisses her off to no end. My mother and I have a constant power struggle in the house. I think because of our extremely similar personalities, we are unable to get along without conflict most of the time. My mother has raised three children before me, so she knows what to do when raising children. She has a set of expectations that is very strict because it has been tried true through three generations before me.They h ave been methods tested and steeled through her experiences with my older sisters. I try to resist her dominance because i refuse to just give and and let her completely dominate my life. So, when i refuse to give in to her established expectations, conflict is created through both of us. We both try to exert our dominance and our strong personalities prevent us from giving in. My rebellion disrupts the absolute power she thinks she has as a parent. It is hard to give up something you’ve had for a long time.With Fermina, it is her dominance of being the head of the house for so many years. With my mother, it will be her authority as a parent. People aren't too willing to give up their positions of power. After what they may have been through to obtain that position, it would seem plausible as to why they wouldn’t want to give it up. It is in human nature to be greedy, and also we don’t like things changing too much. The older you get, the more you dislike it. Bu t, i think we should all learn to embrace the changes we have.

Market Segments Essays

Market Segments Essays Market Segments Essay Market Segments Essay Apple is marketing to people who have a few features. 1 ) Middle/Upper income folks who are willing to pay a spot more for a better user experience. paying 500 more for a computing machine is non a immense trade if you have a nice income. 2 ) People who like to hold fun with engineering. No other platform offers as many entry degree tools ( the whole iLife clump and more ) . This includes people who like to hit a batch of digital exposure or picture. It’s the whole digital hub construct. Peoples are get downing to purchase into it. 3 ) Music partisans and fans ages 12-35. 4 ) Professionals in media and design. The first two groups do overlap. but it’s a immense market. Way bigger than 5 % or whatever. Apple’s job is non truly pricing. These are the same people who pay $ 500 to acquire seats that warm up your behind. Apple’s job is the position quo. Peoples who should see macs don’t. because of a stigma of mutual exclusiveness that developed in the 90’s. Apple’s market portion and success will turn in the following 10 old ages for the simple ground that our coevalss X and Y who have been exposed to a great extent to the cyberspace weren’t utilizing computing machines much during the compatibility’ yearss But anyhow. the compatibility’ job dies when the people who believe in it are non immature any longer. Market Cleavage The market cleavage includes: Demographical bases. Geographic bases. Behavior bases. Psychographic bases. 2. 1 Demographical bases ( age. household size. life rhythm. business ) Looking into Apple. the Demographical market section is successful because they are developing merchandises on the age. life rhythm. business of the people. They are administering their merchandises into assorted topographic points and the Personal computers are categorized on age. household size. for illustration they would hold more games and amusement in the Personal computers for the childs and a professional Personal computer with all the latest software’s. 2. 2 Geographic bases ( provinces. parts. states ) Looking into the geographical bases of Apple they have established their concern all over the universe like U. S. . South America. Europe. Japan. and Australia. Recently Apple chose to implement a perpendicular growing scheme and began spread outing their ain retail shops. The company besides sells its merchandise via third-parties traders. or via cyberspace through their ain web site or through the iTunes online music shops. 2. 3 Behavior bases ( merchandise cognition. use. attitudes. and responses ) In this market section Apple supplying good merchandise cognition to the clients by advertising on hunt engines. T. V. as they have a really good trade name image. Using this trade name image they are continuously coming up with new thoughts and merchandises and pulling the clients. Apple has got a really good response rate as many of the clients are looking for new designs and advanced merchandises which Apple is successfully presenting. 2. 4 Psychographic bases ( lifestyle. values. personality ) Looking into Apple the psychographic market section is successful because they are developing merchandises on the life style of the people such as Mac book for the younger coevals. Apple holding a really good trade name image has really good value for its merchandises as they are different and advanced. Looking into the personality ( manner ) sector Apple is supplying their merchandises with different colourss for the people who like fancy colourss.

Castle Life Essays - Knight, Feudalism, Castle, Tournament, Nobility

Castle Life Essays - Knight, Feudalism, Castle, Tournament, Nobility Castle Life Supported by the brawn and taxes of the peasants, the feudal baron and his wife would seem to have had a comfortable life. In many ways they did, despite the lack of creature comforts and refinements. Around the 12th century, fortified manor dwellings began to give way to stone castles. Some of these, with their great outer walls and courtyard buildings, covered around 15 acres and were built for defensive warfare. Even during the hot summer months, dampness clung to the stone rooms, and the lord and his entourage spent as much time as possible outdoors. At dawn, a watchman on top of the lookout tower blasted out a note on his bugle to awaken everyone in the castle. After a small breakfast of bread and wine or beer, the nobles attended mass in the chapel at the castle. The lord then went about his business. He first may have heard the report of an estate manager (a manager of plot of land). If a discontented or badly treated serf had fled, without a doubt, the lord would order special people called retainers to bring him back. This is because serfs were bound to the lord unless they could evade him for a year and a day. The lord would also hear the petty offenses of the peasants and fine the culprits, or, he might even sentence them to a day in the pillory. Serious deeds, like poaching or murder, were legal matters for the local court or royal "circuit" court. The lady of the castle had many duties of her own. She inspected the work of her large staff of servants, and saw that her spinners, weavers, and embroiderers furnished clothes for the castle and rich robes for the clergy. She and her ladies also helped to train the pages, who were well-born boys that came to live in the castle at the age of seven years. For seven years pages were taught in religion, music, dancing, riding, hunting, and some reading, writing, and arithmetic. When they turned 14, they became squires. The lord directed the training of the squires. They spent seven years learning the practices of chivalry and, above all this, of warfare. At the age of 21, if they were worthy enough, they received the distinction of knighthood. Sometime between 9 AM and noon, a trumpet called the lord's household to the great hall for dinner. Their, they wolfed down great quantities of soup, game, birds, mutton, pork, some beef, and often venison or boar slain in the hunt. In winter, the ill-preserved meat tasted fiercely of East Indian spices, bought at enormous cost to hide the rank taste. Great, flat pieces of bread called trenchers served as plates and, after the meal, were tossed to the dogs around the table or given to the poor. Huge pies, or pasties, filled with several kinds of fowl or fish, were greatly loved. Metal, or wood cups, or leather "jacks" held cider, beer, or wine. Coffee and tea were not used in Europe until after the Middle Ages. Minstrels or jokers entertained at dinner. Hunting, games, and tournaments delighted nobles. Even the ladies and their pages rode into the field to loose falcons at game birds. Indoors, in front of the great open fire, there was chess, checkers, and backgammon. Poet-musicians, called troubadours, would often chant and sing storied accomplishments of Charlemagne, Count Roland, or Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. Dearest to the warrior heart of the feudal lord was the tournament, an extravagant contest of arms. Visiting knights and nobles set up their pavilions near the lists, or field of contest. Over each tent, a banner fluttered to show the rank of a contestanthere a count, there a marquis or a baron. The shield of each armor-ridden warrior was emblazoned, or decorated, to identify the bearer. The first day of the tournament, or tourney, was usually devoted to single combats, in which pairs of knights rode full speed at each other with 10-foot (3-meter) lances. The tournament's climax was the melee, when companies of knights battled in adventurous mimic warfare. A tournament cost the lord a fortune for hospitality and rich prizes given to the victors by the "queen of the tournament". Tournaments had a cold and forbidding valueas practice for feudal warfare. Some battle or raid erupted almost daily, since medieval nobles settled their quarrels simply by attacking. If a lord coveted land, his couriers called his vassals to make a foray, or raid, of it. The peasants, in quilted battle coats,

Restriction of Liability Using the Floodgates Argument Essay

Restriction of Liability Using the Floodgates Argument - Essay Example For instance, Lord Atkin presented a neighbor principle. This principle defined that a duty of care should be addressed to neighbors, while the neighbors are the people that might suffer from our actions or errors. However, this description appeared to be too uncertain, and a number of cases where duty of care was regarded as to be owed, increased rapidly. Later, Lord Bridge added three elements that should be observed before making statement: This addition helped much in judges' experience, but the content of these three elements depends upon the kind of injury that was caused to the claimant. There are 3 kinds of injury: physical harm, psychological injury and economic loss. The situation with the laws in relation to psychological damage has significantly changed during last hundred years. At first, similar cases were rejected by the courts: "One of the earliest reported cases on "nervous shock", as it was then called, was that of Victorian Railway Commissioners v. Coultas. 3. As a result of the negligence of a level-crossing gatekeeper, a train narrowly missed hitting the plaintiff. This incident caused the plaintiff to suffer shock. The Privy Council rejected the claim stating, inter alia, that to allow recovery would result in " a wide field [being] opened for imaginary claims." (2) According to the law, before appealing with a complaint for nervous shock, the victim should prove the following items: 1. That he or she experienced a definite psychological illness. "Psychiatric injury can therefore include: clinical depression, personality changes and post-traumatic stress disorder (an illness in which shocking events cause symptoms such as sleeping difficulty, tension, horrifying flashbacks and severe depression)."(6) A definite diagnosis should prove the statement. In case the person is just disappointed or upset, the case won't be regarded as the case of psychological injury. 2. It is necessary to find out whether the injury is the result of defendant's omissions or actions. In this case the negligence of the defendant must be evident. It is also important to observe if it was possible to foresee the damage. If the above mentioned item is proved and it is established that the defendant didn't execute his duty of care towards the victim, then the usual laws that are related to the breach of duty can be implemented. 3. It is necessary to define whether the claimant is a primary or secondary victim As far as the cases of psychological injury are concerned, there are some questions that are to be solved. The

Change Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Change Management - Essay Example Change forces usually have direct impact on the management and running of business resulting to the need for transitioning to the desired state which an organization will operate at an optimum capacity (Paton, Paton and McCalman 2008). Resistive forces to change usually diminish the change forces effects by advocating for status quo, resulting to change failure. These resistive forces may be categorized into organizational resistances or individual resistances. Organization resistance may include structural inertia, group inertia and having limited view of change importance. On the other hand, individual resistances may vary from fear of the unknown, limited information and lack of security. These forces can be effectively reduced through education and communication from the change pioneers (Gonà §alves 2007). Change management plays an important role in ensuring that employees are aware of the importance of change. In addition, it is the means through which resistance forces can be earlier identified and resolved. Thus, change management is the way of combating resistive change forces and effectuating change forces in the process of implementing